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| © REUTERS/Damir Sagolj |
In a lengthy speech carried by the official Xinhua news agency, Xi gave a broad-brush description of the reforms he wanted, but gave few details aside from repeating a September pledge to cut troop numbers by 300,000.
"Under the leadership of the (Communist) Party, our military has gone from small to big, from weak to strong, from victory to victory. On this road, reform and innovation steps have never stopped," Xi was quoted as saying.
Xi is determined to modernise the military at the same time as China gets more assertive in its territorial disputes in the East and South China Seas. China's navy is investing in submarines and aircraft carriers, while the air force is developing stealth fighters.
The troop cuts are part of long-mooted reforms to simplify and further professionalise the military, especially command and leadership structures that are still largely run along Soviet lines.
As part of this move, China's seven military regions, which have separate command structures that tend to focus on ground-based operations, are expected to be reduced, though Xi did not explicitly say this.
Xi said that the military region structure would be redrawn and a joint operational command structure set up - a move previously flagged by the military which is meant to help coordination between different parts of the defence system.
China has been moving rapidly to upgrade its military hardware, but operational integration of complex and disparate systems across a regionalised command structure is a major challenge.
In the past, regional level military commanders have enjoyed latitude over their forces and branches of the military have remained highly independent, making it difficult to exercise the centralised control necessary to use new weapons systems effectively in concert.
It is not clear if the government will give more information about the reform plan.
The troop cuts and broader reform programme have already proven controversial, though, and the army's official People's Liberation Army Daily has published a series of commentaries in recent weeks warning of opposition to the reforms.
Xi said that the whole of the armed forces was "ardently anticipating" the reforms and "firmly upheld" them.
China has previously faced protests from demobilised soldiers, who have complained about a lack of support finding new jobs or help with financial problems.
A protest by thousands of former soldiers over pensions was reported in June, although the Defence Ministry denied any knowledge of the incident.
The PLA is already reeling from Xi's crackdown on deep-seated corruption in China, which has seen dozens of officers investigated, including two former vice chairmen of the Central Military Commission.
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